LAWYER SPEAKS
ON JURY SERVICE
HEARERS URGED TO DO DUTY AS
CITIZENS WHENEVER CALLED
UPON
System One of Bulwarks of Human
Liberty, Attorney J. A. Poore Tells
Members of Butte Rotary Club, Won
From Monarchy 700 Years Ago.
The preservation of the jury 1
system depends on jury service, J. t
A. (Bert) Poore told the members
of the Butte Rotary club. He urged [
his hearers to do their duty, when I
it fell to their lot, without hesi- I
tancy and as an important civic
duty.
The Jury system, he said, is one of[
the bulwarks of human liberty that l
was won from monarchy more than
700 years ago when King John of Eng-
land was compelled to sign the Magna
Charta. Previous to that time, he said,
the citizen was tried before a Judge
who had been appointed by the king.
The populace was at the mercy of the
ruler who selected the Judges. The Jury
system was therefore a tremendous
step toward democracy; toward the
recognition of the rights of the masses
to Justice.
When the English people came to
the United States, he said, they
brought the jury system with them.
When the revolutionary fathers drafted
the United States constitution they
made provision for Jury service.
The constitution of the various states
did likewise. Every citizen between the
ages of 21 and 70, who is not deficient
mentally and whose name appears on
the tax rolls, is eligible for jury duty.
To preserve the system it is necessary
that a jury shall not be drawn from
Just one class but shall be a cross
section of the community--including
members of all classes. "Fair and im-
partial as well as competent Juries,"
:he said, "are essential to the preserva-
tion of the jury system."
He read section 889 of the Montana
tatutes, which states that a prospective
Juror must not be excused for slight
cause or for damage or injury to his
business." He said there were a hum-
BOWDOIN REFUGE
DRAWS WILDFOWL
BIRD POPULATION OF PtIILLIPS]
COUNTY RESERVATION IN- ]
CREASES RA_____PIDLY
Better Nesting Places mad Improved]
Feeding Conditions Bring More [
Ducks, Geese, Swans, Cranes and 1
Even Upland Birds to Area.
It doesn't take long for good news
to get around among the baldpates,
redheads, canvasbacks and the
other migratory shore birds and
waterfowl, according to a census
of the bird population on the Lake
Bowdoin bird refuge in Phillips
county.
Since the designation of Lake Bow-
do]n, one of the most famous duck
hunting territories in the northwest,
as a federal wildfowl refuge, the cre-
ation of better nesting places, the
planting of food and cover and the l
protection afforded by a refuge man-]
ager, the number of migratory birds I
whose summer address is Bowdoin lake
has increased very noticeably.
With a spring migration of 46,003
ducks, geese and swans, 24,120 nested
on the lake during the 1938 season. Of
other shore birds and water birds such
as coot, avocets, snipes, herons, gulls,
terns, cormorants, curlews, bittern and
a dozen other species, 7,330 out of a
migration of 12,428 nested at Bowdoin,
Refuge Manager B. M. Hazeltine
states.
Upland Birds Also
In addition to waterfowl, Manager
Hazeltine noted 32 families of upland
birds and an increase of four fawns in
the herd of 13 antelope that has made
its home in the vicinity of the lake for
a number of years.
The total area of the Bowdoin refuge
is 14.227 acres. In this area are two
grazing districts with a total of 3,080
acres. Public shooting grounds take in
970 acres of water and 860 acres of land.
The total west lake water area is 2,800
acres and the total east lake area,
now dry, is 1,200 acres. In the lake are
islands adding approximately 1,756
acres to the land ,rea.
According to Manager Hazeltine's
annual report a large majority of
ber of reasons for exemption from jury
duty but that the citizen anxious to waterfowl were forced to abandon the l
:ahiS ut- t.o the community marl refuge after the 1937 nest season be-
ire the.'eemntion if they'aur)ll cause of low water. Later in the
"lim:"fe urged"everyone present'-t,o I a fraoppmrimkartlYrSOffcOdafetfof
do his part toward preserving the . . . ..
snirit of the turv system To proteet l use a ne reiuge, wlth the result that
,,,,,,. t,e,,,¢r o -"z--" o aid . about 2,200 acres of lake bed were
"honorable, fair-minded juries must be flooded for restin.ff places and .feeding
had" I grounus earing me iall illgnL /kl-
TRAP SEASON CHANGED
The state fish and game commissfon
has set ahead the open trapping season
on mink and muskrat, as it was decided
an earlier season will be better for
taking mink, State Game Warden
James A. Weaver has announced. This
winter's season will be from Dec. 15
to March 15, both dates inclusive. It
previously was set for from March
to April 30.
Three million or more persons visit
the United States national parks every
summer.
UNSURPASSED IN
RICHNESS AND FLAVOR
ARE GALLATIN VALLEY
PEAS
These Are the Brands
to Ask for
B-K
BIG BOY
BRIDGER CANYON
GALLATIN VALLEY
They hold that "Fresh
from.the Garden" Taste.
GROWN IN MONTANA
PACKED IN MONTANA
By the
Bozeman Canning Co.
though many of the birds left early
last season they apparently all returned
this spring and finding conditions fa-
vorable as the result of good spring,
runoff from creeks and good spring:
rains, decided to stay the summer.
Migration of Cranes
A decided increase was found this
year in baldpates, blue-wing teal, red-
heads and ruddy ducks and a slight
increase in the number of Canadian
geese nesting on the refuge. There was
an exceptionally heavy migration of
sandhill cranes through the area last
fall. They remained at the lake for
two weeks, which is an unusually long
visit. About 250 little brown cranes
were seen at the refuge about May 1,
the first noted since the refuge was
created.
Sixty-two hunters were checked on
the refuge last hunting season. Of this
number only two were apprehended
for violation-of the. game laves.
HAMILTON LABORATORY
TO EXPAND ITS WORK
Dr. L. R. Thompson, assistant sur-
geon general of Washington, D. C.,
after a brief visit at the Rocky moun-
tain laboratory of the public health
service here, stated that the Rocky
mountain laboratories were no longer
to be looked upon merely as the center
of activities against spotted fever and
other tick-borne diseases but that
henceforth the institution would be
known as the western branch of the
National Institutfon of Health. Thus
research work of any field in public
health work may find its place in the
Hamilton laboratory.
95c
Vaccine production must be carried
on in the national campaign against
spotted fever, but he said it was the
hope of the service that other perplex-
ing problems could be solved here, with
added scientific means.
The recent plan to expend $622,000
in an expansion of the laboratory
buildings and equipment, is well under
way at Washington, he said.
Still another trouble with the aver-
age man who rides a hobby is that he
wants to take up the whole road with
it.
THE PHILIPSBURG MAIL
Doug
Fessenden0
head coach
of the
rampaging
Grizzlies.
It's an easy matter to drum up a l shrubs in the Flathead forest, because l thousand elk and a majority of the
crowd for a public auction sale or a l of less rainfall, are relatively scattered i 7,000 deer.
baseball game but it's a Job getting the I and therefore afford less winter feed. I "I have witnessed in the South Fork
same fellows to the polls. But on the winter ranges even these I of Montana a big game slump such as
shrubs are today largely dead or dying I hope never to see in Idaho. The Sol-
because of over-browsing . . . Over- way is well on its way to semi-destiny,
grazing in the Solway represents mere- [ and can be saved only by immediate
ly an incipient stage of damage as it land continued action . . ."
exists in the outh Fork. Over all the
favored south slopes the shrubs have DIVERSIFICATION
been so heavily eaten that there re-
main only dead and naked stools.
Shrubs still alive resemble weird witch-
es' brooms from which each winter IS FARMING PLAN
every inch of new growth is gnawed.
Their complete death is only a matter
of a few more winters.
"The bottomlands, normally covered
with dense thic:ets of juniper, willow MILK RIVER VALLEY TO STRESS
and aspen, are fierally bare of all DAIRYING AND FEEDING OF
palatable browse from the ground to[ LIVESTOCK
eight or 10 fee in height. This situ-I
at]on is disastrous for game on well l Development of dairying, stock
managed ranges, these bottomlands re-] feeding and poultry production is
main untouched during average win- I seen for the Milk river valley as
ters, thus accumtuating a large amount l the result of the improvement of
of food which serves as a buffer during irrigable land and the resettlement
severe winters. ] of dry land farm families by the
"Strangest of all is the appearance[ farm security administration, by
of the dense lodgepole pine reproduc-I H.R. Armellng, new farm manage-
Lion. On young stands, nearly all the] meat specialist for the Milk river
needles and snoos have been eaten[ farms project,
off; on older trees the branches are] Production of milk, cream and butter,
stripped as high as 10 feet, from snow]
line to the reach of the tallest bull. / the fattening of livestock and raising
of poultry appear to be the logical
Lodgepole Pine Diet / outgrowth of the smaller farm units
"Incredible as it may seem, I would and the widespread sugar beet industry,
Judge roughly that pitchy lodgepole as well as the .growing
pine represents as much as 75 percent alfalfa hay. In addition
of the late winter diet of elk in the
Treasure State
News in Brief
90 PROOF--COP& 19"J8, $CHENLEY DISTRIBUTORS, INC., N. Y. C.
LIBBY--David P. Boyle, 75, who
came to this section before the town
of Libby was built, died at his home
here.
BROWNING--Harvesting on the res-
ervation is practically completed. Bum-
per crops of from 30 to 45 bushels of
wheat an acre are reported.
IIELENA--The Montana mink and
muskrat trapping seasons were set at
from Dec. 15 to March 15 by the state
fish and game commission. Previously
i dates were from March 1 to April 30.
CIRCLE---Fred Male]cote, 59, a ,prom-
]neat Watkins farmer, was instantly
killed while working on a WPA project
when he was caught in an earth slide.
He was trapped in the slide as he
worked on a county road culvert [
LIBBYLloyd T Turner, 68, former l
resident of Anaconda and Butte, died
in a hospital here He came to Libbyl
in 1914 after working for the Anaconda I
Copper Mining Co in Butte several
years. I
MISSOULA--Victor Anderson Jr., 28,
of Missoula, was Injured fatally when
his car plunged from the road near
Lolo Hot Springs, rolled down a hill-
side and came to rest in a creek. Two
other occupants of the machine were
less seriously hurt.
BUTTE--Butte Anglers club officials
received 400 Chinese pheasants from
the state game farm at Warm Springs
to be cared for during winter months
and released fn nearby counties. An
additional 140 birds already were being
fed in anglers' pens.
BUTTE--1VIanufacture of 50,000 corn-i
forters and 25,000 mattresses will be
undertaken by the works progress ad-
ministration, State Administrator Jo-
seph E. Parker said. First manufactur-
ing plants would be in Anaconda, Bil-
lings, Butte and Great Falls.
SHELBY--L. L. Kreager, drill fore-
man, and Guy Germ and Raymond
Griffin, drillers from the reclamation
project at Ashton, Ida., are diamond
drilling the dams]to on the Marius river
south of Shelby. Drilling started
Sept. 15.
BOZEMAN--The Northern Pacific
Transport Co. filed an application with
the Montana railroad commie,]on for
discontinuance of its motor busses be-
tween Glendive and Bozeman. A num-
ber of other busses are operated east
and west through Bozeman each day.
ItELENA--Distribution of $1,569,000
during August to 42 governmental agen-
cies operating in Montana, was report-
ed by Richard Zohm, regional disburs-
ing officer for the Montana district.
The announcement followed the month-
ly audit made by his office.
CtIINOOK--Frank J. Salfer sold his
meat market to the Buttrcy Foods
store. It will be continued under man-
agement of the former owner's son,
Clinton. Salfer had been in the meat
elder O'Rourke was a prominent min-
ing man and real estate promoter.
FAIRFIELD--The n e w 1 y created
Fairfield high school district voted ap-
proval of a bond issue for a high school
in or near Feb'field in the amount
of $55,000. A government grant of
$45,000 was previously assured con-
dltional upon authorizing the bond
issue.
I
MISSOULA--Threat of serious dam-
age to sugar beets and gardens from
a second hatching of sugar beet web-
worms is entirely past, George L.
Knight, state horticulturist, believes.
Cold nights and parasite flies combined
to prevent a large second hatch. Worms
from the first hatch appeared in July.
BOZEMAN--Winter range for the
Gallatin elk herd will be the best in a
decade, Deputy Game Warden Frank
Marshal reported after an inspection
trip of areas in the vicinity of the
upper Gallatin river and South Fork
of Taylor's fork, where the animals
from Yellowstone park spend the
winter months.
ROY--The Roy dancehall is full of
wheat. The hall was used for dancing
and all entertainments here for 2b
years, until the new high school gym-
nasium was completed two years ago.
The old hall was purchased by William
Thielman, a farmer. His wheat crop
this fall was large, so he stored much
of the grain in the hall.
GLACIER PARK--Fifty-one fish at
one cast with a single fly is the record
of Max Johnson, Utah fisherman, who
toured Glacier park. Johnson looped
his prolific fly into one of Swift-
current crook's promising holes and
landed a six-inch brook trout. For
supper the preceding evening the tlsh
had eaten 50 rainbow trout fry.
HARLOWTONWith threshing corn-
deled on the James Roma ranch, two
miles east of Shawmut, a spring wheat
yield of 25 bushels an acre is reported.
Roma harvested more than 1,000
pounds of crested wheat grass seed and
a good crop of crested wheat grass hay
from the same land that yielded the
seed.
IIELENA--Morgan Burke of Havre
has been appointed traveling auditor
for the state department of agriculture
by Commissioner James T. Sparling.
Burke will contact elevators in the
state to see that they are complying
with all phases of the Montana grain
law. For 29 years Burke represented
the hnperial Elevator Co. of Minne-
apolis in Montana.
BUTTEOpening of 18 WPA nursery
schools to care for 600 underprivileged
Montana children was announced by
State Administrator Joseph E. Parker.
Schools will be located at Anaconda,
Billings, Bozeman, Browning, Butte,
Deer Lodge, Lewistown, Miles City,
Missoula, Scobey, Sidney and Helena.
At present, Butte has four schools and
Anaconda, Billings and Great Falls
trove two each.
The old-time "prison crop" has been
abolished in Britmh prisons, and
prisoners now are allowed to have
safety razors so that they can shave
when they wish.
F1achead Game Reduc¢00on
Urged ¢o Preserve Herd00
Montana has in its Flathead river; bit of annual browse growth on the other forage stuff the heaviest in years.]
wilderness a depleted winter range wlnLer ranges and in many places Marsh grasses along the rivers are l
graveyard ior 'big game which the i waded deep snows and the cold north growing rank, he said after an lnspec-[
famed Solway area in Idaho will dupll- i slopes to procure additional food. This
care within 10 years unless its elk and i sununer there is a noticeable lack of tion tour. ]
deer herds are brought within bounds [ yearlings in, comparison to the Solway ANACONDA--William Forkin, 15, of
through hunting, says Dr. A. B. Hatch, I herds. We found seven dead elk in Opportunity, was injured fatally wheal
assistant professor in charge of game] the small percentage of the total range a log he was dragging caught on a[
management at the University oil we were able to examine closely, stump, flipped into the air and knocked]
Idaho. I "Happily the winter range conditions him from a horse he was riding. The[
Dr. Hatch spent 10 days in the South ] on the Solway do not even approach accident occurred at Red Lion, a rain- I
Fork drainage southeast of Kalispell ] those of the South Fork. Our problem ing camp about 23 miles west of Aria- [
as an invited neutral member of .a[ls to increase hunting rapidly enough conda. J
Montana game survey party. Acuelso that our herds will be reduced and BUTTE--John Edward O'Rourke, 49,1
range conditions he observed so re-more uniformly distributed. The prob- son of a pioneer state family, died l
sembled problems confronting the Sol- lem fn the South Fork is one of bring- here after an illness of two weeks.I
way elk and deer lerds that he de- ing back a range 80 to 90 percent de- 'O'Rourke managed the widespread es-
scribed them in a letter to I. J. Longe- stroyed to a semblance of its former tare of his father, scattered throughout
teig, Craigmant, president of the Clear- luxuriance.
water wildlife federation. Parts of hfs Must Reduce Herds Montana and neighboring states. The
letter follow:
,, ..oa t- h, o . . "Several of the 30-odd visitors who
: ave s udied the South Fork dumng prosperous future for the entire ag-
winter range, and dIfers in no essen- the .........
€t ,,, ,.n n r,n ,, ,,nh. las mree years are oi me oplnlOn ricultural population of this section of
o,. ,, o ,,,, o++ . .,.on that the winter range cannot recover the state."
o,., ,,,,,u,, o.,0,,,,, ,, +. ,,o,,, unless at least 90 percent of the present
." ......... 7. .... r ",: : h, "2 " --': elk and deer are removed I agree, if
DO no quesulon t)u na ne aamagv h ran r " " " ......
o,, ,, -nl,, ,,,,,o, ,. e ges a e o regain anynlng like
.,' o,,,,' ,,£" ,,,""''o, their normal carrying capacities within
a reasonable number of years
of browse species are extremely diffi- , ............ ,. .
• i auy gua ever can come OI me
cult to recognize; indeed, they have South Fork ex er .........
• p lence, I 1nlnK 1 mus
even escaped the scrutiny of range ex- , ..............
,,+ Te Ue¢l ,,,--,o- +,o-o¢,,r- e zrom ne lesson na 1 gives us
............. in what not to let happen elsewhere.
ma mos summer visitors ana iau
......... d' There is still time to avert disaster
nuners--ana even some packers an ,
m,ao--oo ,im,, t- ,-o- +-+ ,,o*el in the Selway. The low winter ranges--
.......... " .... +"-1 -- "* ' ..... r l except for Moose creek--may still be
,,naan [ adequat to tide most of the herds over
...... _ _ . I one severe winter. I think that two
Winter Jange uepleted ' ]severe winters in succession, however,
"In contrast to the Solway, the lwill result in starvation of several
of corn and
to
an all-year income for the farm
dairying and feeding contribute to
fertility of the soil, Armellng said.
Armeling, who was extension agent
in Sanders county for a number of
years, comes to the Milk river project
from Thompson Fails. He will assist
farmers with information relative to
crops, land preparation and approved
irrigation practices.
"The splendid crops and the good
supply of water for irrigation in the
Milk river valley have impressed me
particularly, especially as this season
has not been favorable in the western
part of the state," he said. "I am
pleased with prospects for development
and would like to see an expansion of
the project, as it would mean a more
South Fork. This is more serious than
would first appear because twigs of
pine do not regenerate as do those of
leafy shrubs, and the almost complete
exhaustion of 'the present winter food
supply is thus in sight.
"Overgrazing, Judging from .the age
and extent of the damage, apparently
has been in progress well over a
decade . . . Today, although there are
as many acres of winter range in the
South Fork as the Solway (75,000) it
is heavily overstocked by only 2,600
elk and a few hundred deer in contrast
to 11,000 elk and Y,000 deer in the
Solway.
"Even last winter, which was quite
mild, these 2,600 elk cleaned up every
business here since 1924, the last eight ....... " 0 S e 0 T.y .......
years in the Buttrey store. He will
devote his time to ranching interests.
BOZEMAN--Deputy Game Warden
Frank Marshall reported winter rang¢l
for the Gallatin elk herd will be the
best in a decade, with bunchgrass and
SAMPLING
"is the process of obtaining from a
lot of ore a smaller quantity that
contains, in unchanged percentages,
all the constituents of 'the original
lot."--U, S. BUREAU OF MINES.
This is one of our regular jobs.
During the past 25 years, our Washoe
Sampler has sampled and purchased
for cash millions of tons of gold, sil-
ver and copper ores and concentrates,
at the rate of 1,500 tons a day
ANACONDA
COPPER MINING CO.
BUTTE, MONTANA
